The use of beauty in Disney movies free essay sample

Growing up these days most youngsters in the US are raised observing for the most part Walt Disney films. The Millennial age was raised with the Disney renaissance film time, and the more current Generation Z is likewise being raised with the exemplary Disney films and the more up to date films like Tangled and The Princess and the Frog. As children grow up, they start to relate a large number of the tales and characters that they were so attached to ordinary things, regardless of whether it is their toys or Halloween ensembles. Alongside this is an away from one-sided see in the interest of the Disney organization that the vast majority of the characters that are genuinely alluring or speaking to take a gander at will be the â€Å"good guys†, while the less appealing characters are normally the â€Å"bad guys†. With this impact over kids, it has prompted more prominent generalizing, self-perception issues, an ageism banter, and made voracity to need to have Disney related memorabilia. We will compose a custom exposition test on The utilization of excellence in Disney films or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These energized youngsters/family based movies have caused more contention than any other time in recent memory anticipated. In most of the Disney films with the fundamental exemptions of The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Beauty and the Beast, there is a reasonable and clear contrast among great and underhandedness inside the characters essentially by their appearances. In 2010, the University of North Carolina and Appalachian State University did an investigation dissecting twenty-one Disney films made since 1938, and requested that the members rate 163 characters on a size of one to ten regarding â€Å"goodness†. They were asked to likewise score them on their allure, knowledge, forcefulness, sentimental inclusion, and their life result otherwise known as their â€Å"happily ever after† (Leach). In pretty much every film, the â€Å"good† characters were the more appealing, progressively clever and less forceful. A portion of the characters that exemplified these standards were Cinderella, Prince Charming, Princess Aurora, and the Blue Fairy from Pinocchio. This investigation showed up in the Journal of Applied Social Psychology inferred that, â€Å"as evaluations of excellence expanded, so did appraisals of cordiality, goodness, insight, idealness of the character’s result, and sentimental involvement†. (Filter) Using this examination as reference, specialists at that point set out to decide how much the possibility of magnificence is acceptable and appalling is terrible, is dependent on a particular film. Forty-two kids between the ages of six to twelve were placed in an alternate report and had them observe either Cinderella or The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Those two movies have the two characters that are lovely and amiable, and furthermore an unpredictable saint that is less alluring to the eye. From that scientists at that point demonstrated the youngsters picture taker of other kids and were solicited what they thought from that individual from their looks, and whether they would need to ever to companions with them (Jacobs). Doris Bazzini, Lisa Curtin, Serena Joslin, Shilpa Regan and Denise Martz were the individuals behind this broad venture. Bazzini and her associates had the option to infer that it didn’t matter which film the youngster watched, their answers were all entirely predictable to one another. The analysts had the option to pull that the youngsters all wanted to become a close acquaintence with or converse with an alluring companion, evaluated them as being progressively attractive to be companions with, less inclined to get into any type of difficulty, and were viewed similar to the better individual contrasted with an ugly friend. These musings were applied on human characters as well as creature ones also. (Jacobs) Bazzini expressed in light of this undertaking, â€Å"It may appear to be gladdening to numerous guardians that a solitary film seeing didn't actuate more prominent utilization of the excellence is acceptable generalization. In any case, this might be because of the way that the generalization [has] conflicting portrayals of the low-magnificence predisposition film are basically not intense enough to disentangle a consistently creating penchant to pass judgment on engaging quality emphatically, particularly when such generalizations include females†. The scientists at that point chose to propose to guardians that these motion pictures ought to be utilized in supporting the guardians as they show them important life exercises in their young age as opposed to simply letting them watch those motion pictures with no exchange about what they just viewed. (Bazzini) Despite the fact that these movies are movement and not live activity, they have made these pictures of the human body which have prompted individuals endeavoring to look like individuals who don't exist, in actuality. The Disney characters are attracted to look and correspond with their jobs inside the film; this has prompted the Disney Princess Effect. The Walt Disney film partnership has rendered the female leads of their enlivened movies as models of the ideal female figure. (Travali) This sexual orientation/picture development in Disney films is so significant on account of the messages to sends to the primary crowd: kids. The messages that these characters provide for youngsters are the proper behavior, look, and connect with others. While this can be acceptable, the looks part can prompt elevated standards and lower real factors. (May) The Disney illustrators have made the courageous women to be immaculate in their constitution. Pretty much every Disney champion has an ideal waistline, an impeccably proportioned face, skin tight or in any event, uncovering garments, and those attractive bends that make them needed by the male characters, or their Prince Charming. These pictures have become a prime factor in high school dietary issues and wretchedness on the grounds that simply like Barbie dolls, these ridiculous impeccable bodies can't be really achieved, in actuality. (Travali) young ladies feel such weight from the media to look like immaculate Barbie dolls, and with the media Disney is an enormous part since the female courageous women all have these ideal bodies. As per the South Carolina Department of Mental Health, anorexia is the third most basic ceaseless ailment among young ladies between the ages of 12 to 25. Furthermore, significantly more troubled is that the death rate related with anorexia is multiple times higher than the normal demise rate for little youngsters for all reasons for death. (Developing) young ladies purchase outfits to seem as though their preferred Disney characters, regardless of whether it is for Halloween or to wear for no particular reason, and they endeavor to look simply like them. Indeed, even little youngsters want to resemble the saints or Prince Charming, being genuinely fit and attractive. (Travali) These self-perception issues start at a youthful age on account of the Disney establishment. A larger part of youngsters with self-perception issues start youthful with their presentation to Disney princesses and their ideal bodies, at that point after some time as they see more media and media starts to shape their beliefs for the ideal body. (B. P) This has adversely affected the fearlessness of today’s youth. Experiencing childhood with Disney films has made a generalization of alluring goals that most youth have generally expected from society and it frequently brings down their own certainty when they can't resemble the enlivened characters or can't discover their â€Å"Prince Charming’s†. (B. P) The Disney Princess establishment has shaped numerous adolescent consistently and never got analysis about ethnic decent variety up to this point. Also, even since The Princess and the Frog was discharged in 2009, there is still analysis about the absence of decent variety or from the opposite finish of the range, the predisposition that an African American princess is certifiably not a genuine Disney Princess. (May) Tiana is vastly different from different princesses as she is increasingly free and has future employment orientated objectives, obviously has the Disney wish for a Mr. Perfect. Tiana was the primary new princess since the Disney renaissance of the 90s and the first since Mulan was discharged in 1998. Disney has attempted to make Disney princesses that would contact a more prominent racial crowd. Making princesses like Mulan, Pocahontas, and Tiana, has demonstrated how the Disney Corporation has stretched out to fill ethnic assorted variety. (May) But the Disney establishment is never sheltered from analysis, they have gotten out for making the ethnic differing characters convey an excessive number of the cliché highlights that are related with their races. From Dumbo’s crows to the ear slicing brutes in Aladdin to the savages in Pocahontas, Disney joined racial generalizing into their characters. (Bartyzel) Another reason for debate inside the Disney Princess establishment has been changing old characters into more up to date, hotter ones. Figure’s One and Two show the progressions that the enterprise has executed. Figure One shows the progressions made to characters Mulan and Pocahontas, and Figure Two shows the most dubious change with Merida from the film Brave. Merida from the film Brave was a character explicitly intended to challenge the Disney princess generalization, however as opposed to staying with this suffered legend and her creation the film the eighth top netting film of 2012, Disney chose to give her the â€Å"princess makeover† and formally coronate her into a Disney Princess. The searing, defiant Scottish young lady that crowds went gaga for was abandoned her wild hair and preservationist dress into a scarcely conspicuous character. Her hair was subdued, her bosoms extended, a littler midriff, and a more structure fitting and uncovering dress was a piece of her turning into a guaranteed Disney princess (Bartyzel). Also, from this change, Disney at that point chose to give all the princesses another hotter makeover. In Figure One there is the first Mulan in the inside top casing, and on either side of her is the new form. She has gone from a youthful Chinese lady to a young lady with ordinary highlights, the main Asian angles are that her skin is pale and the artists gave her Asian eyes. Pocahontas got lighter skin, a prolonged fa

Capital Punishment Essays (570 words) - Penology, Criminal Justice

The death penalty When turning on the TV, radio, or essentially perusing the neighborhood paper, one is overpowered with updates on captures, murders, manslaughters, sequential executioners, and different genuine violations. It is uncommon not to experience a day in this world and not know about these things. All things considered, some administration authorities in our nation appear to be a piece dubious about what steps to take so as to limit the activities of genuine or on the other hand potential wrongdoers. Not exclusively is it perpetrating a wrongdoing, yet additionally today, it is finishing ones life, either genuinely or in a jail cell. This is a hazard one is taking when he chooses to cut somebody with a blade or pull a trigger, however is it truly up to our equity framework to choose one's destiny? There are numerous issues that address this inquiry of the death penalty, for example, religion, the impact on society, compensation being denied, the conceivable wrongly denounced, and the privileges of the sentenced. In any case, how regularly do these ideas creep into the publics mind when it knows about our reasonable and trusty government removing somebody's breathing rights? The book of scriptures states, Thou will not slaughter, what's more, this being a wrongdoing ought to must be remedied inside oneself. On the other hand, it additionally states, Don't pass judgment on others individual feelings. It is an administration's obligation to rebuff individuals that ignore the law to keep the world all together, however is it their entitlement to remove their lives? It is a Christian's obligation to bring up to the individuals who sin that they do as such and this nation, confiding in God as it says it does, ought to do only that. A few individuals believe that compensation is conceded when one is condemned until the very end punishment. Be that as it may, if a friend or family member is killed and his family feels equity in having the killer experience the equivalent, is it not thought about similarly off-base? Pardoning and overlooking are completely not feasible, however one ought to think about the idea of disappointment and regret. Similarly as one feels awful when unjustly passes through their neighbors yard, without a doubt a killer may feel the same. One is just human and nobody can anticipate any more. A slip-up is an error, regardless of whom it might hurt or what demolition it might cause. There's consistently the possibility of the guiltless being in an unlucky spot. A bunch of proof from a solid attorney could condemn somebody to life in jail, and even capital punishment. One could be going through and finishing his time on earth in imprisonment for basically strolling down an inappropriate road on an inappropriate day. Should he need to serve the time that is not legitimately his and take the needle that shouldn't prick his skin? It's a little deficiency in the equity framework that isn't anything but difficult to survive, yet such's somebody's reality, and not realizing reality could be destroying. Abraham Lincoln pronounced, All men are made equivalent. This announcement of truth has clearly been kept separate from thought in the court. Everybody merits another opportunity since they are on the whole equipped for reconstruction. The wrongdoer ought to get the opportunity to return into the world and substantiate himself respectable. On the off chance that explaining debasement with unethical behavior is the world's solution for compromise, at that point why not hack off the hoodlum's hand? An eye for an eye was the equity of the past. It is currently a cutting edge world dependent on rationale also, change. Should a legislature carry out a wrongdoing to legitimize another? On the off chance that the death penalty was exclusively founded on rebuffing the miscreants, there would be nobody left to infuse the needle or pull the switch on.

One Fifth of Universities Change Tuition Fees

One Fifth of Universities Change Tuition Fees The OE Blog In an amazing twist creating yet more turmoil and chaos for this year’s poor university applicants, around one fifth of universities have had a change of heart on the levels of tuition fees they will charge next year. The change comes after government miscalculations on average fee levels forced David Willetts and his team to tinker with the system in the 11th hour, trying to force some institutions to lower their prices. In an attempt to rectify its mistake, the government tried to persuade universities to charge lower tuition fees by announcing that 20,000 extra student places would become available to those institutions charging fees of £7500 or less. The Office for Fair Access has indicated that some 25 universities then sought to make last-minute changes to their fees arrangements in order to take advantage of this offer. Whilst the deadline for UCAS applications is not until mid-January, allowing MPs to stress that these late changes should not affect students, many applicants, particularly from high-performing schools, are encouraged to apply as early as possible, often before Christmas, in order to give themselves the best possible chance of admissions success. For those conscientious candidates who have already submitted their applications, the news of these lowered fees will come as a blow. In addition, students applying to Oxford and Cambridge have to apply much earlier in the period, with a deadline of 15th October for all applications. Given the highly competitive nature of Oxbridge courses, second and third choices are important for these applicants, who will now be denied the opportunity to take advantage of the new lowered tuition fees at 25 universities, having already chosen their back-up options. As well as the changes to tuition fees levels, OFFA has announced differences in the levels of bursaries and scholarships available to support poorer students aiming for higher education amidst these dramatically raised tuition fees. Students and campaigners alike have been dismayed to learn that the figure available in scholarships and bursaries to support students from low-income families has dropped by an enormous £13.8 million in spite of the soaring fees. It has been predicted that this slashing of financial support whilst massively hiking fees will effectively sound a death knell to equality in higher education, with far fewer students from disadvantaged backgrounds expected to attend top universities from 2012. Many commentators fear that this will eventually lead to a two-tier society, in which poorer students either do not attend university at all, or gain less respected degrees from lower-quality institutions charging cheaper fees. University and College Union general secretary Sally Hunt denounced the changes as an “utter shambles”, explaining that many of the universities who had lowered their fees had done so by moving money out of bursaries, thus damaging fair access and financial support for poorer students at those institutions. So the illusion of widening access by creating lower-cost university places is just that: an illusion.

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1078 Words

Inside vs. Outside What exists within often does not match what appears outside. This statement is especially seen in the Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale commits adultery with Hester Prynne, but the Puritan community only knows, until the end of the book, that Hester committed adultery, but they do not know with whom. Arthur Dimmesdale therefore finds himself feeling guilty and attempting to repent himself before he dies. His actions, however, until the end of the book, are internal because of his internal conflict – confessing his sin to the community would alleviate his internal pain but could cause the community to disrespect or mistreat him. Dimmesdale therefore deals with his sin internally, but these effects are seen outside his skin. Arthur Dimmesdale demonstrates the relationship between individualism and society (the community) because his individual private actions and thoughts, those done internally, affect his societal public actions, those done exte rnally and vice versa. One of the ways in which Dimmesdale demonstrates the effects of external actions on internal actions is in Dimmesdale’s constant self-punishment caused by his pallor. â€Å"With every successive Sabbath,† Dimmesdale increasingly demonstrated his pallor and his odd behavior, as â€Å"it had now become a constant habit †¦ to press his hand over his heart† and â€Å"his cheek was paler and thinner† (83). These behaviors are most likely caused by Dimmesdale’s guilt for his sin ofShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, Roger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

The Issue Of Trans Women - 1196 Words

This is a common belief that’s been bred into us as a culture but our growth has ruled this out as a because women who are not in a position of a helper are excelling just as well, if not better. However you can’t just limit the the injustice done to women exclusively to men. Plenty of offenses are thanks to women themselves. The offenses are really ignorant because they’re hurting people by simply not acknowledging trans-women as equal. Some believe that trans-women simply don’t have the same experiences as them so they are different. Others believe that no matter how far a person is in their transition they will never be a women. You wouldn’t believe how physical the bigotry of some people especially against trans-women. It s†¦show more content†¦Christina was taken back by this act of ignorance and started asking her boyfriend if they were referring to her. Christina stared at them and one of the girls recognized Christina stare and said â€Å"Can I help you with something?† Christina asked the girls to quit laughing which they replied with stating that it’s a free country. The girls went out of their way to point out that Christina was born a man by pointing out larger features. Gabriel jumped in at points of the argument. As the girls became more aggressive so did Christina. â€Å"You better stop!† said Christina. â€Å"Who’s going to make me?† said one of the girls before Christina pounced on them. Christinas acted in anger but it also showed how hurtful people s words can be. Specially if someone of the same gender as you is pointing out your insecurities. The kind of mental torture of the bullying can be so destructive. The transgression against trans-women have a wide range of offense other than just physical interaction. In the first couple pages of the book Beyond Magenta: Transgender Teens Speak Out you will learn about a Transgender Male who had the some big emotional is sues coming out. Jess was always tomboyish but when brought up the idea of being a male in her mind she was instantly shot down. This emotional stress let Jess to misidentify himself. When he came out to his friends at a young age they called him weird and made him feel about

Ethics Reproductive Technologies. Nicole Hedrick. Baker

Ethics Reproductive Technologies Nicole Hedrick Baker College HSC 402A /Dr. Eric Oestmann/Seminar One Position/Argument Essay Abstract There are people around the world trying to have children right now, that cannot and need to use services like reproductive technology to even have the chance of a little one in their future. NRTs are one thing that can help, and it is moving forward with the advancements in technology and science. With this huge advancement in technology and science, many people are starting to question if these procedures are ethical. There are four principles of ethics. These principles are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Applying these principles of ethics to new reproductive technologies can†¦show more content†¦We would be stuck practicing medicine the same way we did in the 20th century. A good example of Medicine without ethics would be the Nazi realm when people were put into experiments unwilling or unknowing. In reproductive technology, ethical decisions should focus on the good of the children, their individual parents, and families, and let us not forget the good health and common good of the larger society (Morrison, 2009). Exercising the principles of ethics can assist in finding common ground in NRT. Bioethical issues include the appropriate use of pre-implantation genetic diagnostic screening, use, storage and destruction of excess IVF embryos, and research involving embryos. â€Å"NRT research requires human participants, donors and donated embryos, oocytes and sperm† (Adelaide Centre for Bioethics and Culture, 2013). Ethics committees have detailed expected behaviors/regulations that are supposed to be followed if participating in this type of medical treatment. In fact, advisory groups and researchers have encouraged participants to disclose the fact of gamete donation to the offspring, and some clinics will aid in assisting future contact if all members agree. (American S ociety for Reproductive Medicine, 2014). As a minimum, donors, and recipients have an obligation to disclose non-identifying medical information. Should a medical issue arise in the future, all participants have aShow MoreRelatedCloning Pros And Cons Of Cloning1147 Words   |  5 Pages Cloning Pros Cons Nicole Hedrick Baker College HSC 402A /Dr. Eric Oestmann/Seminar Two Position/Argument Essayâ€Æ' Abstract A clone is where two organisms share the same exact DNA. These two organisms are the same identical replica of each other. In the past, cloning has taken place naturally. For instance, a couple who naturally conceived and gave birth to identical twins or triplets. Today, science and technology has been introduced to where cloning can intentionally be done. Some people

Criminology, John Widemans Bro Essay Example For Students

Criminology, John Widemans Bro Essay One child grows up to be somebody who just loves to learn. And the other child grows up to be somebody who just loves to burn An excerpt of this poem paints a picture of two brothers, John and Robert Wideman, leading different lives. Robert Wideman, embraced a path common for black men during that era; a life of crime, glamour, and drugs. Quietly sitting in jail, he reminisces deeply about his troubled past and the consequences of the future that now haunts him. John, on the other hand, chose the path less taken by those living in the same world as he did and in due time become a successful professor at a University. How did two people from the same origin, living in similar environments, and raised by a caring family choose such different paths? Some might explain the cause to be risk factors, learned behavior, or missed opportunities. When explaining criminal behavior, it is inevitable to identify sociological, behavioral, and psychological problems as causes of crime. John and Robert always dreamed about running away from the poverty embracing their community. Even though they shared the same dream, each considered different means of achieving this dream. John determined early on that to get ahead, to make something of myself, college had seemed a logical, necessary step; my exile, my flight from home began with good grades, with good English; (27). In order for John to climb the social status, he realized that his only ticket out of poverty and his community is through a good education. Status must be earned through hard work and determination. Robert is just the opposite of John. Early on, Robert acknowledged that school and sports could not satisfy the glamour that Robert so much desired? Unlike John who disliked blackness, Robert got a thing about black. See black was like the forbidden fruit; (84). Robert embraced the people living in Homewood, Pittsburgh. He felt connected to them especially when he discovered Garfield cause thats where the niggers was. Garfield was black; (85). By embracing what other people valued and thought, Robert incorporated the same criminal values as his own. Robert has accepted his fate, a life of glamour through deviant behavior. Delinquency at an early age may have contributed to Roberts behavior. According to Cohen, deviant behavior derives from an inversion of values. Roberts values can be best summed up by the statement the thing was to make your own rules, do your own thing, but make sure its contrary to what society says or is; (58) . Inversion of values is practically portraying what society views as socially acceptable, unacceptable. A great example explaining this inversion of values is captured during a school strike. Robert recaptures the greatest moment of his life when he took over the school. Through his eyes, it was the white mans world and wasnt no way round it or over it or under it so I kept on cutting classes and fucking up and doing my militant thing every chance I got.; (114). It seems that Robert felt frustrated living in such an oppressed environment. He once believed that prosperity can be achievable but somehow his belief in what society has taught him relating to success is wrong. Through this belief, Robert maintains a violent life. Other variables such as family, the community, and opportunities for success play a critical role in shaping the behavior of adolescence according to Cloward and Ohlin. There were lost opportunities when Roberts family decided to move back to Homewood from Shadyside. A good education in a community that cared for the student was stripped from Roberts grasp. Robert was never able to attend the school that his older brother had previous graduated from. Now living within the boundaries of the poor community, Robert is exposed to violence and the substandard values of the neighborhood. Homewood is a community that scared Roberts Mother. Her prediction of trouble and Roberts wild side connecting turned into reality and she was right. .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .postImageUrl , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:hover , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:visited , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:active { border:0!important; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:active , .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83 .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udfca4a0e477d2eb3a3bf691ae6057c83:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Monop Essay Me and trouble hooked up; (85). As a child Robert constantly needed the attention of his family members especially his mother. From a different point of view, we can .

Art Upsets, Science Reassures Essays - Aesthetics, Art Movements

Art Upsets, Science Reassures Art upsets, science reassures (Braque) Analyse and evaluate this claim. The difference between; reality and fantasy, an accurate representation of what is, and a brilliant orchestration of the mind, can often become blurred with the paintbrush of an artist. Yet, as Braque would surely agree, there are certain areas knowledge that only serve to reify our reality, saving us from delving into the fantastic chasm of questions arising from art. This specific area is of course science. One can often become lost in art, in a never ending series of inquiries as to how such a sculpture or painting could be physically possible. Although, science will reassure us as to what is possible and what will remain limited to a picture, or expression of thought or questioning. To evaluate Braques claim one must look to art, and the aspects thereof, that defy and upset nature and natural science. Next, the process by which science can reassure what is, as opposed to a representation of the artistic. And last, what the reassurance of science, as well as, the nature of art ent ail in their representational and informative nature. Art itself has proven throughout time to confuse many, all of the thoughts by the creators seem to be in the slightest way manipulative of that which every person would think scientifically so. Dance and the Theater, a place where art has flourished, is an example of how deceit and manipulation have manifested themselves in an art form that is revered, and held to be a distinguishing skill; acting. Seeing the ghost of Oedipus come back to haunt his children, is something that is far beyond what anyone has experienced in reality, and instills in individuals a mystical image of what could be. Or, the people indigenous to North America performing dances in attempt to cause rain, and perhaps an occasional rainfall to follow, only serves to upset the theories of natural science. These are both examples of what art has done to upset the view that one has on the way things work. Not everyone sees their dead father return in a pale, luminescent mist to speak to them, yet, Shakespearean actor s would make us think otherwise. It may be thought that this form of art would only serve as a method of human expression, and would actually be pure and true in revealing something about human nature, but this is not necessarily the case. This art form still is only a means to upset what natural science has supported extensively (e.g. that rain comes from processes that occur naturally and randomly). Confusion still comes about when the meteorology and earth sciences tell us that performing a dance has nothing to do with a rainstorm coming about. Furthermore, even if the intent of the art work is to reveal something about humans, or to deliver Stoll 2 any kind of message, the message might not necessarily be interpreted by the individual in the way it was intended. The social science of psychology tells us that each individual has a different perception of complex messages, such as those offered by a theatrical performance, only proving that the art has served as a way to upset a persons interpretation by saying that it is wrong. Thus it is that a problem of knowledge when dealing with the arts is the interpretation of the arts by others Though this form of art may be upsetting enough, there are still many illustrations to ponder and induce discomfort. Lionel Penrose developed a work of art that was and is constantly an upsetting image. This image was of the impossible staircase (appendix 1). This disturbing image, as based on our visual system, seems to be a constantly descending (or ascending) staircase. The would be end point reconvenes with the point at where we visually began, when tracking the staircase, and proceeds to asce nd or descend another level, depending on how it is looked upon. Not only does this prove to be a physical impossibility, but a tedious chore for the mind. Everything that this staircase suggests defies reality, and goes against all that is known in the third dimension. The same is true for the impossible triangle (appendix 2),

Essay on human needs and motivation The WritePass Journal

Essay on human needs and motivation Introduction Essay on human needs and motivation IntroductionREFERENCESRelated Introduction This essay will be discussing what is   human needs ,   it will explore by looking into human needs and how human needs can impact on human wellbeing   either positively or negatively, it will highlight   government effort in meeting   its people needs,   the   essay will be guided and directed by references from Gough    Doyle,   Frank Field   and   some other researcher in human psychology and social welfare. In this regard,   my discussion will focus on the United Kingdom   context and comparing with some underdeveloped countries. It will summarize by some suggestion on   the different   between   needs   and   wants. In 1943, Abraham   Maslow’s   article (A theory of Human   Motivation).States that   human needs cannot be satisfied and that lower needs are needs to be address before higher needs.  Ã‚   These needs were dubbed deficiency needs. While a person is motivated to fulfil these basal desires, they continue to move toward growth, and eventually self-actualization. Gough      Harris   1986) noted   that ,unsatisfied needs can cause serious harm   Doyal Gough   1991-)highlighted in their matrix of human needs   which consist of: Universal Goal.   Basic need. Intermediate need. Societal precondition for needs satisfaction. They group these characteristic in eleven categories: adequate nutritional food and water, adequate protective housing, non hazardous work   and   physical environment, appropiate   health   care, security in childhood, significant primary relationship, physical and economic security, safe birth control and child bearing, and appropriate cross cultural education, nine of this apply to all people needs, whereas ,One of these refer to According to (Doyal      Gough 1991) in (The theory of human needs) . Needs refer implicitly if not explicitly to a particular categories of goal which are believed to be universal sable, whereas want are goals which derive from an individual preferences and cultural environment. child security and welfare, the second refer to specific need of woman in child bearing. In   discussing Doyal Gough theory:   although : Doyal Gough ,   highlighted   nine of their matrix of human   needs as   all people needs,   however,   the child security and welfare, and the specific need for women in child bearing are also specific and important need.   Needs   have   hierarchy   that start with the basic need to   hierarchy top of need,   needs   are   interwoven and inter chained ,   The other nine of   Doyal Gough   matrix of human need , for example, nutritional   food and water, housing, health care, education, child bearing   and security in childhood   are all human basic needs which are provided by the social welfare system,   Gough Harris noted   that if some basic need are not met , this will lead to some serious harm,   for example   lack of food and water can lead to hunger and illness, lack of housing leads to homelessness , safety vulnerability, and hopelessness,   children in these situation will lack education,  Ã‚   live and grow in poverty and become poor adults. Frank Field (2010) in his ( Poverty and Life Chances) said that:poverty is more than lack of money , and further   says how poverty can effect children to adulthood   as a result of poverty experience by their parent. According   to   Frank   Field (2010).   In trying to tackle child poverty,  Ã‚   the government   reviewed   the   past three decades   Child Poverty Action Group plan, and subsequently  Ã‚   the recommendations that follow   was   the 2010 Child Poverty Act   . The Review reflects how the   ideas on combating poverty have developed . The Review proposes that the country’s efforts to make the life chances of all children more equal should be brought to bear through what  Ã‚   Frank   Field   called the Foundation Years. The 2010 Act was a welcomed initiatives of the last Labour Government. The press reported that when the then Prime Minister, Tony Blair, announced in March 1999 that the Government’s goal was the abolition of child poverty by 2020, his audience at Toynbee Hall was taken by surprise. A surprise it may have been, but the speech gave form and direction to the Government’s anti-child poverty strategy. The announcement instantly transformed the ranking on the political agenda of the issue of poverty in a rich society. How best to abolish child poverty became a topic of high political importance – a ranking that it had not held since the Attlee Government. Few other post war political initiatives have had such an enduring impact on the political debate and on policy. This heightened political importance of countering child poverty was thankfully matched by action.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Frank Field (2010). The developed world   like   the UK, USA, and many other developed countries have over a long period of time   being investing on social services,   education, housing and health care, although the benefits of these decades of Government   budgeting   and initiatives towards meeting its people needs are less felt by the populace because of population increase, high volume of migrant migration,   increased   child birth,   unemployment, inflation,   worldwide economic   crisis,   and increased dependent on   social   welfare   services. even though people are still complaining of government not meeting their obligation owed to her people, people in the developed world are much more better off in terms of the welfare services available to them, it is mandatory for parents to take their children to school in the UK,   there are other social welfare services   entitlements which even though not enough, but it still   help in reducing hunger and homeles sness. Can national social policy in an era of globalisation serve either the interest of capitals or the need of the people,   Field   answer to the question is   (NO) he said that the need of capital and the need of the people are irreconcilably opposed and there little or nothing the welfare state can do about it in today’s world. Frank Field (2010) In the developing world.   It is the opposite,   people have to fend for themselves without no government social welfare service ,   no government health care service,   education is for those who can afford it,   it is pathetic,   but   people are used to   not relying on government service, which is not even in existence,   rather the people has a   nuclear family way of helping each other. Where the entire members of the family contributes and help any of the family members who is in need,   be it lacking food,   illness, unemployment   and educating the younger one   within the nuclear   family. This essay has discussed what is human needs and how they interlink   to the human existence, it has briefly discuss   the   UK   Government   initiatives towards enhanced social welfare   services   that met the people needs, it summarise by comparing the developed world social welfare services and the undeveloped world non social welfare situation. REFERENCES Doyal Gough (1991) Matrix of Human Needs: The of capital and the need of people: can the welfare state reconcile the two?   Recommended reading literature journal. Frank   Field ( 2010) Foundation Years: Preventing poor   children becoming poor adults: In the report of the independent review on poverty and life chances. HM Government- London. Gough    Harris (1986) Capitalism and Welfare: In The of capital and the need of people: can the welfare state reconcile the two?   Recommended reading literature journal. Maslow   Abraham   (1943). Hierarchy of needs:A Theory   of Human   Motivation: In Towards a Psychology of being.   Psychology   Review. www.cochranelibrary/psychologyjournal.htm

Empowering Other's Actions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Empowering Other's Actions - Essay Example This is done through various ways. First, it is important for leaders to clearly define and communicate the duties of every team member. Each individual play their part and the end result is seen as a contribution of the group members (Kayser, 2010). Secondly, there should be effective communication among the team members themselves and between the leaders. Thirdly, all issues should be addressed timely and directly. Finally, team members should take part in team building activities to create a good working relationship and bonding. I have been involved in several situations where I had to strengthen my team members through self-determination and promoting competence among the team members. Last semester, we were assigned a group assignment and I was appointed as the group leader. Our topic was involving and required a lot of research therefore; there was immense pressure on us to complete the task on time. It was two days to the deadline of submission, we were not yet with analyzing the data we had collected and this meant that our group could not submit the assignment on time. However, I was determined to complete the on time and we worked tirelessly with other members of the team to complete the assignment. I did all that I could to encourage the other members to put their best foot forward. We did not sleep for the two days to submission. This was stressful and we were discouraged since other groups had successfully completed their tasks. I felt like a failure as I had failed to lead the team in the right d irection towards achieving the primary goal that was to hand in the assignment on time. We all got a penalty of five points in the final grade. There are several reasons that can be this failure. First, we failed to manage our time well and failed to take into account that we had chosen a difficult assignment. Secondly, we paid too much attention on team building activities and less on actual completion of the task.

Brazilian Worker's Party System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brazilian Worker's Party System - Essay Example According to Borges (2011), the Brazilian party system has always been associated with clientelism; hence, today, the country has a more stable party system. However, the two parties that seem to overrule the rest during presidential elections are the worker’s party (PT) and the party of Brazilian social democracy (PSDB). Hence, according to Love (2009, pp 38), during the times of President Lula, the Brazilian politicians were known to bribe citizens in poor regions by offering them pork so that they could vote for them; cash handout was also common during polling. Some of the political parties also created a client group, whose aim was to vote for a certain party. According to Mainwaring (1999 pp 5), â€Å"parties have weak roots in society and limited legitimacy and exercise little influence over congressional representatives.† He adds that Brazil has severally reshaped and dissolved party systems formation as follows, in 1889, 1930, 1937, 1965 and 1979. Moreover, Mai nwaring (1997 pp 8) notes that the Brazilian political systems are less disciplined compared to the American political parties. Further, â€Å"instability, fragility, fragmentation, non-differentiation, lack of cohesiveness and representativeness are the words to describe political parties in Brazil† (Kinzo, 1993, pp 139). This is due to lack of democracy in any party in the country in the earlier years.Rules have also been put in place; however, these rules tend to favor parties that are undisciplined, decentralized, and individualistic. In addition, the author describes the weak parties as a hindrance to popular representation in politics, thus sustaining elicit politics. Politicians were hence seen as the main drive to represent their parties. However, the weak parties disadvantaged the establishment of accountability through parties; for instance, the weaknesses of some political parties interfered with leadership in Brazil (Mainwaring, 1999, pp 6). According to Mainwarin g (1997 pp 3), party discipline is essential in any political system since it influences how well the legislatures and executives function and interact. When parties are undisciplined, there is a high possibility of the government to be unstable and ineffective, and interferes with the

History of Video Games

History of Video Games The History of Video Games One of the youngest forms of entertainment to date, the path that led the video game industry to be the giant multibillion dollar industry that it is today is about as humble as World War II. Mounted in mystery and finding its roots in gambling dens and the minds of defense contractors, the history of video games is obtuse and then some. This essay will present a summary of the history of videogames, as it started in the mind of Ralph Baer, the ‘Father of video games, to its place in present and future society as the place holder for billions of dollars in the entertainment industry. Although he is barely spoken of today, except by those the behind scenes, the idea of interacting with televisions further than changing the volume and channel sprang out of the mind of Ralph Baer. After escaping Germany with his parents at the age of 16, Ralph came to America and began working in a television and repair factory. In 1943 he was drafted in the United States Army and served in World War II in Army Intelligence. (Game Informer, 2009) Baer learned much of his knowledge in electronic technology while working for Loral, a military contractor that specialized in airborne technology. Loral approaches Baer with a mission: He is to make the best television technology and money can create. It was at this time that Baer had an idea to make a television that people can be actively engaged with. Loral wasnt nearly as enthusiastic as Baer was and shot his idea down, an action that may have been hastily made. (gamespot.com, 2009) In the year of 1966, Baer approaches his associates with a full page paper on his idea, which is now in the Smithsonian. â€Å"That Document was basically the Magna Carta of the home game industry. Within a year and a half, we were playing video ping-pong, hand ball, and shooting the screen with light guns,† Ralph Baer told Game Informer Magazine. (Game Informer Magazine, Gamespot.com) Sanders and Associates gave Baer the thumbs up. They provided Baer with the backing he needed to start development on his beloved idea. Baer successfully created interactive games such as a chase game, a video tennis game, and a game involving a toy gun that could distinguish between different of types light emitted from a television screen. Baer and other engineers on his team begin creating a prototype. In 1968, the Brown Box was created, named for its faux wood-grain housing. All that was left for Ralph Baer was to put his brainchild in the hands of the populous. This was much more difficult than expected. Sanders asked Baer to find a production partner for his invention. Many of the television and entertainment companies that he approached enjoyed the idea but did not want to enter into contractual obligations. Then he found Magnavox. In 1972, the Brown Box was released as the Magnavox Odyssey. One of its first games was the forever famous, Pong. (Game informer Magazine) Before the first home console hit the stage, in 1958 the very first invention to resemble a video game was a table tennis like game played on an oscilloscope. Willy Higinbotham sought to keep visitors to the Brookhaven National Laboratory interested. A year later, he added a fifteen inch monitor to his unique device. He never placed a patent on his machine. (gamespot.com) An MIT graduate by the name of Steve Russel created the first computer game, called SpaceWar. SpaceWar was played on a rigged up Digital PDP-1. This machine spurred the mind of many imaginative thinkers, one such being was Nolan Bushnell. (gamespot.com) During his academic career, Bushnell sees SpaceWar and is left an everlasting impression. While working a summer job at a carnival, he sees the local coin-operated arcade filled with dozens of computer machines. Realizing it is only a dream, he sees that the cost of computers in that day makes this feat impossible. (gamespot.com) In the early 1970s, Nolan, with the help of Ted Dabney, wanted to make an arcade booth with a SpaceWar based game. The result was Computer Space, the first video arcade game. Placed in a futuristic housing cabinet and crowned with a whopping (for those days) thirteen inch television, Bushnell and Dabney immediately gained support from Nutting Associates, an arcade game manufacturer. 1972 heralded the publics mass exposure to video arcades. Computer Spaces success was short lived, as the public found the gameplay too challenging. (gamespot.com) 1972 was a busy year for video games. The dynamic duo Bushnell and Dabney, left Nutting to start Atari, naming it after a word equivalent to ‘check in the Japanese game Go, which is similar to chess. The two enlisted the help of Al Alcom to program the games. Alcom was given a preliminary assignment, and programmed the first ever Pong. A Pong machine was thrown together and placed in a bar, Andy Capps. Less than two weeks later, the machine broke down. The culprit was the coin storage bin, which was flooded with quarters. Pong was a hit, and paved the way for modern day arcade games. (gamespot.com, Game Informer) Years later, Baer took Bushnell, along with several other video game companies, to court for Bushnells version of Pong. A settlement was reached out of court, where Bushnell finally agreed to pay the licensing fees. (Game Informer) Nintendo, a Japanese word meaning, â€Å"leave luck to the heavens,† is one of the oldest gaming companies today. Its roots began in the year 1889, as a Japanese playing card company. Nintendo quickly gained a following, as the Japanese mafia, the Yakuza, began using Nintendos cards in their illegal gaming and gambling dens. This provided a steady income allowing the company to flourish. Nintendo first appeared in the United States in 1907, creating American styled cards. Impressed with Nintendo, Disney approached the company in 1959, commissioning Disney character cards. This brought Nintendo into the home of more upstanding families. In the late 1970s to the early 1980s Nintendo put its foot in the door for electronic gaming, creating sundry unsuccessful arcade games, that is, until Donkey Kong. 1981 saw the flight of Donkey Kong, a game which took the nation by storm. It success was only bested by games with the likes of Pac-man. This movement caused Nintendo to switch gears, and give serious thought to the video game industry. In 1985, it put the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in homes worldwide, giving itself the concrete foothold into the home console market that became the mainstream concept of most gaming companies of the day. (Wii for Dummies, nintendo.com) The other large scale production companies of the day were Sony and Sega, both starting out as electronic repair and development companies. Those companies, along with Atari, Activision, Coleco, Magnavox, Mattel, and Nintendo, produce more than 15 home-based consoles in the span of six years, while gaming was only out of the womb for less than five years. (Game Informer) Original games such as Pong were played on a very limited plane comprised of dots and squares. The first games were also immovable programs that came with the consoles, which usually only had a few games. Optional peripherals could be purchased to slightly increase gameplay. In 1976, cartridges debuted, allowing games and consoles to be purchased separately, and for more games to be created and implemented well after a consoles release. Cartridges, along with VHS tapes, held strong until 1992 when the compact disk killed cartridges for most consoles. Other than computers, the Sega Genesis was one the first consoles to use this form of the medium . Today, handhelds are the only platforms to see their usage, and we are actively watching them disappear and go the way of the VHS. Most games today float through airspace, are on CDs, or flow through cables. (gamespot.com, Game Informer) Games also have under gone massive prosthetic changes. In the days of Odyssey, games were pixilated and simple to look at. In 1981, one of the first three dimensional games was created: Battlezone. It was also one of the first first-person games. One player played as a tank and faced enemies in a battle like simulation. It was met with much success and gratification. It even fell into the lap of the US Army, and an enhanced version was commissioned and used as a battle simulator to train troops. (gamespot.com, Know the Score) Today, games continue to push the envelope. In 2000, Sony placed the Playstation 2 in the market, dazzling gamers with its almost lifelike games. It was met with Nintendos Gamecube and Microsofts Xbox. Four years later, the Xbox 360 hit the scene, with graphics that looked like works of art. A year later the Wii and Playstation 3 burst into the market, after much speculation about both. The Wii falls short of the other two consoles at first because of its graphics, but quickly gains fame do to its new wireless motion sensed controller. By November 16, 2006, it had sold more than fifty million units worldwide; more than that of Sony and Microsoft Combined. However, the undisputed champion of sales, is that of Nintendos first handheld, the Gameboy. The Gameboy sold over one hundred-sixty million units worldwide. (nintendo.com, Game Informer) The gaming phenomenon has reached heights that were never expected, especially given its complicated history. Its memorabilia have gained collective value faster than any franchise before it, with games less than 20 years old being bought and sold for more than three-hundred-fifty-thousand dollars. They are even moving in the direction of removing controllers from gameplay by having cameras capture and process movement and simple or complex gestures to advance the player in the game, such as Project Natal. (Game Informer) This essay has captured the rocky surface of the video game movement. It began with its speculated beginnings, and ended with its present and future outlook. Video games have stretched the relative views of space and time, pointed out infinite possibilities, have been emulated on the ‘Big Screen and allowed expressive outlets for the mind and bodies of my generation, and will continue to dazzle and amaze us for the remainder of our lives. References Corporate history (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2009, from http://www.nintendo.com/corp/history.jsp Game Informer. (2009, May). Ralph Baer. Game Informer Magazine, 193, 30-31. Game Informer. (2009, June). The Fate of a Generation. Game Informer magazine, 194, 16-17. Herman, L., Horwitz, J., Kent, S., Miller, S. The history of video games. Retrieved November 13, 2009, from http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/video/hov/ Orland, K. (2008). Wii for dummies. Indianapolis: Wiley Publishing. Skurzynski, G. (1994). Know the score. New York: Macmillian.

education and philosophies :: essays research papers

In light of this course, I would say that my philosophy of education has changed. My first paper, in retrospect, reads almost like a fantasy of what teaching should be like. I think in this aspect I have matured enough to realize that everything in this profession is not "Disney" material. There are going to be students who do not follow directions, and worse who don't care about succeeding at all. I would feel responsible for these children if I thought that there was a chance to help them. Unfortunately, there are some children that will never buy into schooling and education in general. I do, however, still believe that I can positively impact that type of child in the area of life, or even "street knowledge." I am not saying that I will be able to relate to all walks of life in the classroom. That would be an overstatement. I do believe that I possess the common sense and approachability to be a "stop" on a child's problem solving route. My first paper focused more on personal feelings and avoid ed issues that were raised in this class. After taking part in discussions, I began to focus more on the system and the political atmosphere of education, ranging from diversity in the classroom to violence in schools in general. I think that due to the Federal Government being in control of school funds, some carpet decisions favor some schools while other schools are left hurting. I believe that these decisions should be put in the hands of the parents and school board, for parents should be allowed to pick and choose what their children are learning. I know that when my child attends school I will thoroughly investigate the curriculum and take any means necessary to avoid liberal nonsense in the classroom. education and philosophies :: essays research papers In light of this course, I would say that my philosophy of education has changed. My first paper, in retrospect, reads almost like a fantasy of what teaching should be like. I think in this aspect I have matured enough to realize that everything in this profession is not "Disney" material. There are going to be students who do not follow directions, and worse who don't care about succeeding at all. I would feel responsible for these children if I thought that there was a chance to help them. Unfortunately, there are some children that will never buy into schooling and education in general. I do, however, still believe that I can positively impact that type of child in the area of life, or even "street knowledge." I am not saying that I will be able to relate to all walks of life in the classroom. That would be an overstatement. I do believe that I possess the common sense and approachability to be a "stop" on a child's problem solving route. My first paper focused more on personal feelings and avoid ed issues that were raised in this class. After taking part in discussions, I began to focus more on the system and the political atmosphere of education, ranging from diversity in the classroom to violence in schools in general. I think that due to the Federal Government being in control of school funds, some carpet decisions favor some schools while other schools are left hurting. I believe that these decisions should be put in the hands of the parents and school board, for parents should be allowed to pick and choose what their children are learning. I know that when my child attends school I will thoroughly investigate the curriculum and take any means necessary to avoid liberal nonsense in the classroom.

Osmosis: Concentration

OSMOSIS and TONICITY IN POTATO STRIPS The purpose of this experiment was to make observations and conclusions about the ability of cells to adjust to varying chemical concentrations in the environment and to observe the effect of isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions on cells. Hypothesis If a solution is Hypotonic, then water will move from the beaker into the potato because water outside the cell will be in higher concentration than water inside the cell. If a solution is Hypertonic, then the solution will move into the cell from the beaker and water will move out of the cell into the water because of a difference in concentration. If a solution is isotonic, then the cells will remain the same because the solution concentration is the same as in the cell. Materials Fresh potato, knife or scalpel, three test tubes, test tube rack, dropper pipette, paper towels, electronic balance, timer, three provided solutions labeled A, B, and C. Procedure Obtain three test tubes and a test tube rack. Label the test tubes A, B, C using a wax pencil. Cut three French fry type strips of potato 7cm in length, no thicker than 5mm. Pat each potato with a paper towel. Measure the initial mass of each strip and record it before putting each in a test tube. Use a dropper pipette to cover the potato strip in test tube A with solution A, the potato strip in test tube B with solution B, and the potato strip in tube C with solution C. Place the tubes in a test tube rack and wait one hour. Remove the strips from the test tubes after one hour and pat dry with a paper towel. Measure the final mass of each strip and record it. 10. Examine each potato strip and observe any changes in texture. Results In Solution A, the potato slice in the water did not change, indicating the solution contained an equal amount of concentration. In Solution B, the potato slice in the water is larger, indicating that more molecules went into the potato than came out, because there was a higher concentration of water outside the potato. The potato slice from Solution C is much smaller indicating that more water molecules came out of the potato than went in because there was a higher concentration of water inside the potato. Conclusion In conclusion, the hypothesis was found to be correct. Solution A was Isotonic because the final mass of the potato slice was 2. 9 as opposed to 2. 8 at initial mass, which basically stayed the same. Solution B was Hypotonic because the initial mass for the potato slice was 3. 3 then expanded and weighed 3. 6 at final mass. Solution C was Hypertonic because the potato slice lost water and became much smaller in which the initial mass was 2. 8 and the final mass weighed in at 2. 2. In all three solutions, water is moving across the membrane to establish equilibrium. Based on the Diffusion-Osmosis Review on page 26, and not knowing the definite solution in each tube I am going to conclude that there was Saline in Solution A 0. 9% Sodium Chloride which makes cells neutral. In Solution B, therewas a small percentage of salt predicting . 9%. In Solution C, salt was higher than . 9%. All had salt in the tubes but different tonicity. The water could go in or out of the potato to equalize the concentration of salt in the solution. Based on this experiment and using this in real life, it taught me that when mixing the intravenous fluid for a patient to make sure only 0. 9 percent of salt is added in order for the saline to be isotonic to the red blood cells. If not, the red blood cells will expand and complications will arise.

Analysis Of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man - 756 Words

Slavery, despite being abolished about 160 years ago, we as a society continue to emote those racist and bigoted feelings that those times fermented. Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man portrays how the narrator, Invisible Man (I.M), must confront the society that he resides in, where one’s skin color plays a huge factor in one’s success. With the intent to build a better life without the higher, more formal education planned to use, he was denied of that after being exiled from his college in the South and, consequently, forced to adapt to the North. Resulting in I.M confronting many challenges and situations where most of them, if not all of them, were provoked by the dark complexion he was born with. Despite this hindering factor, I.M†¦show more content†¦Being at the pinnacle of success after coming from such poor beginnings he reached a point to where, â€Å"†¦ The white folk tell everybody what to think—except men like me. I tell them .†112, thus revealing his true nature. Arrogant, backstabbing, and malicious were the few words to describe Dr. Bledsoe after disregarding the founder’s wishes to keep the narrator in school. I.M kept the founder content with the his loyalty to the founders wishes and non of the mishaps that occurred were his faults, though Bledsoe expelled him without telling him directly. With an oblivious, comprehensive and submissive conscious, the narrator is sent to the North with only a briefcase of demeaning recommendation letters, a final insult to the protagonist. A brotherhood consists of compassion, honesty and a â€Å"honor amongst thieves yet we are humans, and humans are beyond predictable. We emote so many emotions, we create so many thoughts, we are so imperfect that anything is possible from us. Brother Jack the man who â€Å"saved† I.M from the brutal atmosphere of the North, leader of the organization of the Brotherhood, is human as well. His brotherho od revolved around the ideology of creating a society that reflected the people’s wishes and the role of the Brotherhood was to fulfill those wishes. Thus, giving I.M the role of main speaker of Harlem after proclaiming him to be â€Å"†¦the new Booker T. Washington, butShow MoreRelated Analysis of Ralph Ellisons The Invisible Man Essay934 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Ralph Ellisons The Invisible Man The prologue from The Invisible Man deals with many issues that were palpable in the 1950s, and that unfortunately are still being dealt with today. An African-American man who refers to himself as the invisible man goes through life without being truly noticed as a person. He states that because of his skin color he is only looked down upon, if he is ever noticed at all. The invisible man goes through life living in a closed down part of aRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man920 Words   |  4 Pagesnovel Invisible Man, by Ralph Ellison, the main character, Invisible Man, is taken on a journey to find himself and who he is. Along the way, he meets multiple people who change and morph him, but he comes to find out that he had been invisible the whole time. Not physically, of course; he could be touched and people saw him. But just because people saw him, doesn’t mean he was being seen. He was irrelevant and unnecessary, according to that time per iod’s society and standards. He was invisible, andRead MoreCritical Analysis: Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesIn Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man, we are presented with an unnamed narrator whose values and potentials are invisible to the world around him. Throughout the entirety of the novel, we see the unnamed narrator, also known as the Invisible Man, struggle in an attempt to uncover his identity buried beneath African American oppression and an aggregation of deception. Ellison shows us how lies and deceit may serve as a grave but invaluable obstacle to one’s journey to find their identity. Through theRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Brother Jack and Brother Tod in Ralph Ellison’s, The Invisible Man696 Words   |  3 PagesRalph Ellison’s â€Å"The Invisible Man†, is a novel that reveals the characters psychological growth. Also, in this novel the story revolves around the narrator as an individual. In this novel the narrator relates the whole story in a first person point of view in which his name is never revealed. The narrator remains a voice throughout the entire novel, never establishing a concrete presence in the story. This is why he is looked at as an â€Å"invisible man.† In the novel, he is an African AmericanRead MoreThe Tone and Style of Ralph Ellisons Battle Royal Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesA short analysis of the major theme found in Ellison’s Battle Royal, supported by a literary criticism dealing with the tone and style of the story. Introduction: Ralph Ellison’s short story, Battle Royal, is mainly an account of the African American struggle for equality and identity. The narrator of the story is an above average youth of the African American community [Goldstein-Shirlet, 1999]. He is given an opportunity to give a speech to some of the more prestigious white individuals. HisRead MoreRalph Ellison’S Novel, Invisible Man Serves As A Cultural1408 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Ellison’s novel, Invisible Man serves as a cultural ethnography of the African American condition in the 1950s. Flooded with issues of signifyin(g), African American folklore, and trickster figures, Ellison’s main theme for the novel is for the narrator to find his own identity in a world defined by whiteness. Specifically, Ellison’s employment of the trickster, a figure that generally bends normal rules and conventional behavior, acts as a cultural â€Å"gift-bearer† that is essential to the readingRead MoreThe Point of View of Battle Royal by Ralph Ellison Essay867 Words   |  4 Pages The point of view in Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"Battle Royal† comes strictly from his trials and tribulations that he has overcome as a young black writer that began before the nineteen Fifties. Ralph Ellison was a black writer who was born on March 1, 1914 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma only seven years after it had actually became a state. After completing the lengthy research of this man and his works I found that Ellison once had considered becoming a classical music composer after getting the idea from aRead MoreThe Struggle for Equality and Identity in Ralph Ellisons Battle Royal915 Words   |  4 PagesRalph Ellison’s short story, Battle Royal, is mainly a description of the African American struggle for equality and identity. The narrator of the story is an above average youth of the African American community [Goldstein-Shirlet, 1999]. He is given an opportunity to give a speech to some of the more prestigious white individuals. His expectations of being received in a positive and normal environment are drastically dashed when he is faced with the severity of the process he must deal with inRead MoreRalph Ellison s Invisible Man1210 Words   |  5 Pagesthis human tendency, Ralph Ellison, through the experiences of his narrator and through the use of rhetorical devices, weaves his argument against conformity and for diversity in his critically acclaimed work, Invisible Man. He asserts that man must retain his own sense of individuality and embrace the differences of others, as conforming to a certain self-made ideology only exacerbates his desire for self-preservation, a detriment to the progress of humanity. Conformity forces man to gain power forRead MoreColor Symbolism, The Invisible Man, By Irving Howe1584 Words   |  7 Pages Color Symbolism In The Invisible Man Lucinda Gainor As described by Irving Howe in his 1952 review of Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man â€Å"This novel is a soaring and exalted record of a Negro s journey through contemporary America in search of success, companionship, and, finally, himself;†. Invisible Man paints a portrait of self-discovery through a narrator who journeys through the dialects and microaggressions of American Multiculturalism. Displaying an Alternate Universe where

My Proposal For Children Under The Age Of Six - 980 Words

Yi Qu Dr. Anne Heintzman 2014/10/30 Word Count: 980 Competitive Analysis Introduction My proposal is for helping children under the age of six in China stand to benefit from increased access to high quality preschool education. Since 1979, the one-child policy has been in effect for 30 years in China. The first generation of single child are now growing into childbearing age. The one-child policy in China is altering family roles and child-rearing practices, raising concerns about the possible harmful effects of too much attention and pampering. It has strengthened the emphasis on education for young children. Children in China enter elementary school and take a systematically education at age 6, before that most of the young-parents let†¦show more content†¦There is no history of a dual development of one type of full-day program to provide care for children of working mothers and another type of half-day program to provide education for children of non-employed mothers. Education replaces physical care as the primary emphasis in this program. Class size inc reases with age, ranging from 20 to 40 children. Each group typically has two teachers and a nurse. Preschool: Serve children upper age 5. A part of the elementary school. It is a typically half-day program serving children the year prior to the 1st grade. Comparable to U.S. public kindergartens, these classes usually place greater emphasis upon academics and use teaching methods similar to those of the Chinese elementary classrooms. In both of those three kind of program, there is a common problem. Those children rarely work independently or in self-selected group tasks. On the contrary, the point is on following teacher s guidance, instead of self-invention. All the children will do the same thing at the same time. For example, in a typical art class, teacher demonstrates how to fold and twist a paper butterfly. Then she check every child doing the same step before proceed to the next step. Painting class usually include children to copy an object of the teacher. Even if the use of teaching toys, all children are using the same toy at the same time.

Moving Between Different Cultures in Poetry Essay - 949 Words

Moving Between Different Cultures in Poetry For my essay I will be looking at two poems which deal with the experience of moving between different cultures, these are Half-Caste and Search for My Tongue. These poems are written from experience. John Agard the author of Half-Caste was born in Gugana and moved to Britain in 1977. He is half-caste himself and his poem expresses his feelings about the term half-caste. Sujata Bhatt the authoress of Search for My Tongue was born in India in 1956, her family moved to the United States of America in the 1960s and she now lives in Germany. In her poem Search for My Tongue she explains how she feels about having two different languages her birth language, Gujerati and her second†¦show more content†¦The language used by the author here is very descriptive and creates a very powerful image which enables the reader to understand that the authors mother tongue, her birth language is still strong and perhaps even stronger than her second tongue, the language she most uses. The images are also very powerful because the author uses metaphors instead of similes which make the reader feel as though it is very realistic and can almost image two tongues fighting. The structures of the two poems are quite similar but Search for My Tongue has only one stanza and Half-Caste has five stanzas. Another difference is that Search for My Tongue uses two different languages, however Half-Caste is also distinctive because of the language and accent used, explain yuself, and the way it is paragraphed because there is a very short paragraph at the beginning, a long paragraph in the middle and smaller paragraphs towards the end. John Agard writes in his accent to show that he is not ashamed of what he is and doesnt have to change himself for anyone or anything. Although the structures of these poems arent very complicated they help to attract readers to them. Neither poems rhyme, but both have a rhythm. Half-Castes rhythm is continuous, and is more effective when read aloud. When reading the poem you start talking in a Caribbean accent because of the words used and the speed of how you read the poem is always a standard pace butShow MoreRelatedA Brief Look at Langston Hughes1413 Words   |  6 Pagespeace for the culture. The pieces he wrote may not be pleasant to read, however, the past is America’s history, and poetry is part of the history. Langston Hughes focused on dreams in his poetry in hopes of bringing his dream of bringing harmonious relations between blacks and whites to reality. After looking at information on Langston Hughes’ life, it’s simple to understand why his poems all relate in similar topics including black discrimination and slavery. There were different and separateRead MoreModernism As A Cultural Period1357 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper modernist poetry is analyzed. Modernism as a cultural period is considered to be a multinational movement which meant re-evaluation of the assumptions and aesthetic values of the past. It is important to mention what is modernist poetry. This is considered to be a poetry mainly written by poets of North America and Europe between 1890 and 1950. It emerged as a result of technical revolution, inventions and World War I. Poets of this period made emphasis on personal view of the worldRead MoreDreams in Langston Hughes Poems1401 Words   |  6 Pagespeace for the culture. The pieces he wrote may not be pleasant to read, however, the past is America’s history, and poetry is part of th e history. Langston Hughes focused on dreams in his poetry in hopes of bringing his dream of bringing harmonious relations between blacks and whites to reality. After looking at information on Langston Hughes’ life, it’s simple to understand why his poems all relate in similar topics including black discrimination and slavery. There were different and separateRead MoreSandra Cisneros and Hughes Analysis1575 Words   |  7 Pages and Langston Hughes, and African American poet. When reading their stories the reader can identify how different life experiences have influenced and inspired them to write the way they do. Analyzing Sandra Cisneros and Langston Hughes, and pieces of their writing will demonstrate how similar their writing is, how minority discrimination, and cultural circumstances effect and shape different pieces of their respective writings. This paper will highlight similarities, differences and motives forRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes Poem, The Negro Artist And The Racial Mountain Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesCollectors of poetry are bias. By this I mean that more often than not when poems are sel ected for collections, the works of classical writers will be prioritized over the works of newer or more untraditional authors. That is not to say that this is a bad thing, there is much that can be and needs to be learned from classical poets. However, it is often overlooked how much other, more unknown writers can contribute to the canon of poetry, especially those influenced by different racial and ethnicRead MoreA Comparison of the Kalidasa and Braj Version of SÃŒ akuntalaÌ„ Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesSÃŒ akuntalaÌ„ preserved the longevity of the text, while also providing a modern twist to Kalidasa’s version (300-400 CE). NawaÌ„z Kaveá ¹ ¡vara retold the drama in the vernacular, as a mixture between the Mahabharata version and the Kalidasa version, and in a manner that incorporated the prevailing style of the local poetry. Individuals such as Kaveá ¹ ¡vara would prevent SÃŒ akuntalaÌ„ from fading away into the distant past, by once again making it a part of the present. In 1716, a nobleman, after returning fromRead MoreAnalysis Of Kamala Das s Projection Of Self Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesTension and Moral Dilemma occupies an important place, position and appears to be the kernel of Kamala Das’s poetry. Kamala Das’s projection of self is the projection of tension and dilemma in her life. Her projection is biological, psychological, philosophical, confessional, self-expressive, self-recordative, self-explorative and self-realised. Her autobiography â€Å"My Story† is clearly projected in her poems and she is exception to others. Her tension of life and symbioses of opposites form theRead MoreHip Hop Is A Genre Of Music1192 Words   |  5 PagesMusic has always been one of the ways that people use to express the connection between their feelings and the outside world with melody, rhythm and sound. There are different genres and many kinds of music from different places and different nationality. Hip hop is a cultural m ovement that emerged in the 1970s in the United States among Latin Americans, Jamaicans and African American that aimed to protest the social conflicts and violence suffered by the lower classes of urban society. Hip HopRead MoreThe Effect the Theft of Colonizers Had Phisically and Spiritually on Post-Colonial Authors and Literature1582 Words   |  6 Pagesland, although other end results such as the destruction of cultural psyche, loss of language, the issue of nationalism, hybridism and suppression to name a few. I will, however, touch upon exile and loss of land, according to several poets from different areas of the world, as these are the most lingering issues that we see in the political status quo. How were exile and the loss of land projected into the consciousness of post-colonial authors and poets, some of who experienced one or both of theseRead MoreThe Music Of The Hip Hop1550 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Rappers Delight† and â€Å"Love Me Do† is that Sug arhill Gang was much more of a freestyle poetry and The Beatles was more so a group the expressed their love through their lyrics. The groups had a different vision when comes to music which also represented the world from their perspective. Before Hip Hop has been introduced there was Rock Roll. Rock Roll was â€Æ' Introduced in 1948 when technology and popular culture coincided to produce the markings of a new kind of music. Primarily a combination of

Factors Affecting High Expenditure Customer Satisfaction

Question: Discuss about the Factors Affecting High Expenditure Customer Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction This section indicates the research methodology that brings clear explanation on the factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. Main role of researcher is to outline rationale behind the topic named as factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent (Walter and Andersen 2013). The aim of the study is to bring innovative ideas and concepts relating to the present study. This dissertation initiates in bringing the real essence as well as factors behind factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. Researchers requires in gathering reliable information from potential sources. It brings out core aspects behind the topic for future analysis purpose. Researchers use research philosophy, approach and designs for conducting the research on topic in the most appropriate way. Research onion is ex plains with proper justification from each layer in alignment with the research topic (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). Accessing data is considered as one of the important job for the researcher. Researchers should use right data for conducting research. Secondary data should be up-to-date and the researcher should use no old data. Issue of accessibility will be found in primary data. Feedback given by the participants and the way they give feedback will be matter of issue faced by the researcher. The researchers take online interviews and they need email ids of people so that researchers can send questionnaire (Silverman 2016). Face-to-face interview taken by researcher involves time issues because participants mostly remains busy with their scheduled work and shows no interest in answering the interview questions. Researchers face variety of problem at the time of conducting the particular research on the selected topic. Due to time constraints, researchers fail to conduct in-de pth analysis on the given topic. One of the other limitations to the study is lack of financial resources. Researchers fail in using expensive method for conducting the present research work (Anfara and Mertz 2014). Research objectives To advise an action for capturing the market share To recognize factors that affects customer loyalty as well as customer satisfaction To be aware of the concept of customer loyalty and customer satisfaction To study the connection linking factors with customer loyalty and customer satisfaction Research design and justification for using quantitative survey method Research Design mainly refers to overall strategy selected for integrated components of study in logical way. It involves effective way for addressing the research problems in constituting blueprint for the collection as well as analysis of data. Research problem mainly determines in the research design for study investigation for future analysis purpose. Quantitative research is the numerical representation as well as manipulation of observations for describing phenomena of reflected observations. It requires usage of wide variety of natural as well as social sciences such as physics, biology as well as sociology and geology at the same time. There are different types of quantitative research that is classified under survey research, correlation research as well as experimental research and causal-comparative research. Survey Research The above research mainly uses scientific sampling as well as questionnaire design for measuring the characteristics of population in relation with statistical precision. It mainly requires that the respondents be selected on random basis under defined techniques. Samples of quantitative research- survey research From the various types of quantitative research, it is important to use survey method in the present study for understanding the factors behind customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Survey research is one of the systematic ways for gathering of information especially from respondents for understanding the behavioural aspects of population of interest. Survey research is mainly concerns with sampling, questionnaire design as well as questionnaire administration and data analysis. Types of Surveys In-person interviews- This is one type of survey method consisting of an interviewer asking the respondent questions in face-to-face situation. Interview usually takes place at respondents home or at research office depending upon the situation. Personal interviews are mostly flexible in nature as well as can be administered in any type of questionnaire whether structured questionnaire with specified and variable question sequences. Telephone Interviews- This type of survey method mainly involves presentation of the questionnaire used by telephone. Omnibus Survey- This is similar to telephone survey. It is a quick turnaround whereby researcher analyzes data in and within the specified week. It is cheap in relation with other related survey methods. Research Onion Research Onion means answer about how a study must be agreed out using clear methodology necessary for the research. It mainly shows clear structure with appropriate strategies as well as methods used in the research. In answering the questions in the research, it helps in expanding in the new knowledge attributes (Smith 2015). Other elements selected from the research onion layers helps in giving answers to research question deciding upon the research philosophy. Figure: Research Onion (Source: Skinner 2015) Research Philosophy The first layer in the research onion is Research Philosophies. It majorly gives an idea on how researcher thinks regarding the research. There are several views regarding the research process dominating the literature including positivism, Interpretivism and realism. Research philosophies involve beliefs for final implementation on the topic as factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent (Silverman 2016). It helps in ensuring brief understanding on the research process on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. There are three broad classification of research philosophy named as Positivism, Interpretivism and Realism. Figure: Broad Classification of Research Philosophy (Source: Reynolds et al. 2014) In this particular research, researchers make use of these research philosophies for interrelating subject matters in alignment to the given topic. Researchers use this philosophy to deal with future research outcomes in way of conducting statistical data collection methods. This particular study uses this philosophy for predicting ways for analyzed results on topic relating factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent (Pickard 2012). The main difficulty faced by researchers involves detailed research due to time constraints. On the other hand, researchers fail in adopting best methods due to insufficient financial resources. Researchers should make sure of making minimal errors at the time of conducting the research. It will help in getting better results on the topic named as factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. Post-positivism is one of the main stages in positivism philosophy for interpretation of the background research. It needs extreme scientific calculations for conducting the research in certain way. On the contrary, deductive approach deals with human thoughts as well as emotional side (Panneerselvam 2014). This particular approach ensures integrated human interest as well as benefits in case of developmental factors for the topic on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. At the end, Realism is the combined form of Positivism and Interpretivism. It aims at handling the ontological aspects of developing the main critical theories on the selected topic. Justification of using Positivism Research Philosophy Researcher selects the topic on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent for conducting the research in the most appropriate way. Researcher uses Positivism research philosophy in conducting the research for factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. This particular research philosophy enables increased effectiveness and error minimization (Neuman and Robson 2012). On the contrary, research philosophies show the ways in case of validation of a given topic. Positivism gains ensuring scientific knowledge for some assumptions for the topic on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. This involves variety of justifications for presenting propositions in the near future. Research Approach The second layer in the research onion is the research approach. Research Approach provides proper explanation for an edge of discussion for the topic on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent (Miller et al. 2012). It mainly ensures clear understanding on the validation on the current study on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. There are two broad classification of research approach named as Deductive approach and Inductive approach. Deductive approach works from more general to specific. This is known as top-down approach. Deductive approach is mainly consistent in way of developing theory as well as testing with the help of research. Arguments are mainly based n laws, accepted principles as well as rules used for Deductive reasoning (Matthews and Ross 2014). Deductive approach is one of the research approaches that involve application on given topic on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. This particular approach aims at maintaining relationship between research outcomes at the time of conducting research. Addition to that, it helps in ensuring required convenience as well as accumulated data usage on models and theories on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent (Walter and Andersen 2013). On the contrary, inductive approach helps in generation of models for getting authentic information on factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. This particular approach evaluates the production results in an empirical form. Inductive reasoning mainly works like other way like deductive from specific to general in case of broader generalizations as well as theories (Mackey and Gass 2015). It is informally refers as bottom-up approach as well as conclusion based on premises involving high degree of uncertainty. Justification of using Deductive Research Approach Researcher uses deductive approach in the present study at the time of conducting the research. Researchers refer to the existing strategies and theories for applying in the current study for factor affecting of the high expenditure customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in a Hong Kong travel agent. Researchers will make use of findings of data of previous research works by authors (Green, Camilli and Elmore 2012). This will help researcher in reaching proper outcome for the particular research work. Research Strategies The third layer in the research onion is the research strategies. It uses different research methods for investigating the research question as well as aims at the same time. Some of the popular methods used for research strategies are as follows: Experiment- It is one of the classical forms of research that mainly owes towards natural sciences. It includes definition of theoretical approaches as well as selection and allocation of variables. It has limited control over the variables (Gast and Ledford 2014). Survey- This is one of the research method including questionnaires as well as statistical surveys for gathering data regarding people and thoughts and behaviours. Case Study- This is one of the interesting strategy in conducting research for conducting in-depth study of single as well as group and community (Walter and Andersen 2013). Action Research- This is one of the reflective process for progressive problem solving leading by individuals working with other related teams for improving the issues as far as possible. Grounded Theory- It is one of the systematic qualitative research methodology especially in social sciences emphasizing mainly on generalization of theory. Ethnography- It is the study as well as cultural process by using multiple ways for researching as well as observing people, events and artifacts (Walter and Andersen 2013). Justification for using survey method In the present study, researchers uses survey method for conducting the research in the most appropriate way. Questionnaire is distributed to customers of travel agency in Hong Kong. Research Choices The forth layer in research onion is the research onions. It mainly includes three major methods like: Mono method- This particular method considers for the research for using single data collection techniques as well as corresponding analysis. This method rejects in favour of mixed methods using qualitative and quantitative techniques (Gast and Ledford 2014). Mixed Method- This particular method considers as field of inquiry using both qualitative as well as quantitative methods for answering research questions in single study. It is considered as mixed because it uses both quantitative as well as qualitative techniques (Walter and Andersen 2013). Justification for using mixed method in research choices In this present study, mixed method is used as it takes into consideration both qualitative as well as quantitative techniques. It aims at combining research questions, analytical approaches as well as data collection procedures and conclusions at the same time (Flick 2015). This particular research has the ability to unite exploratory as well as confirmation research. It mainly allows in generating as well as testing theory for similar studies. Describe the measures of Demographic variables These are the variables characterizes of subjects as collected for describing the sample. It is also known as sample characteristics. It mainly describe study sample and determine if particular sample are representative of population of interest. It is difficult to manipulate demographic variables by the researcher. Researchers aim at explaining the relationship between demographic variables as well as dependent variables. Some of the common demographic variables are age, gender as well as occupation and marital status of the population. Usage variables Independent variable- Perceived value, brand image, customer satisfaction and word of mouth communication Dependent variable- Customer satisfaction and customer loyalty From the above variables, it is easy to understand the fact that factors influencing expenditure assumes to be independent variables. On the contrary, customer satisfaction as well as loyalty depends upon the above-mentioned variables in the most appropriate way. Research variables It is important to understand the fact that main purpose of research requires describing as well as explain the variance in the present study. It is the difference occurring naturally in the world as well as creating resulted manipulation at the same time. These are the names given to variance for determining the factors affecting high expenditure in understanding the customer satisfaction and loyalty in Hong Kong travel agent. It is important to understand variables by the researchers as they are considered as the basic units of information interpreted in research studies. Researchers require in analyzing as well as interpreting values of each variable in the descriptive study in particular experiment. Describe the questionnaire design including Structure of questionnaire Questionnaire is prepared using open and closed-ended questions that will be asked to the recipients. Process of pilot testing the questionnaire Data analysis is completed based on the information collected from primary research. In this particular study, pilot study will be done, 10 questionnaires will be sending for ensuring questionnaire is clear and understandable by other recipients. After particular questions are fixed then it will be passes the pilot test. Then, questionnaire will be send to 30 recipients after 30 questionnaire are done (Bolger and Laurenceau 2013). After that, reliability test will be conducted by using SPSS 22.0 software. It confirms each variable that are consistence with the related questions. The Cronbachs Alpha Index will be over 0.7 and passed after the reliability test. Questionnaire will be send to all possible random selected customers. Discussing the sampling design Secondary resources will also be used in this research. Secondary data will be collected from travel magazine, website journal, Government official as well as certain theories on customer satisfaction and retention strategies (Bryman and Bell 2014). These strategies can be further analyzed, as they may be helpful for increasing the number of customers who shows interest in travelling. Definition of population Questionnaire will be sent to 150 customers of the total population. Sampling method Gathered information is presented in terms of mathematical models as well as statistical calculations and pie charts. In this particular research, there will be usage of descriptive statistics for data analysis. Descriptive data uses various statistical measures such as median, mean as well as standard deviation showing in pie chart. Research hypothesis will use SPSS 22.0 software for performing regression as well as correlation. Regression analysis helps in estimating the relationship between variables (Blumberg, Cooper and Schindler 2014). Dependent variables are customer loyalty as well as customer satisfaction. There are three broad classifications on the qualitative methods under content analysis. This involves comparison as well as counting of content and keywords at the same time (Billig and Waterman 2014). Figure: Research Hypothesis (Source: Created by Author) Determination of sampling size Questionnaire will be distributed to 150 customers of travel agency in Hong Kong. Data collection process Data can be collected using primary as well as secondary research. In case of primary data, questionnaire will be distributed to 150 customers of travel agency in Hong Kong. Collection of data will be done with the help of using random sampling technique. In this particular research, random will be used at the time of conducting the research. This would be less time consuming as well as less biasness as a result (Clark and Creswell 2014). Primary data collection will help travel agent for understanding the customer preferences who can actually afford high expenditure for travelling purposes. Data analysis procedure Secondary data are collected from authentic online sites as well as official data where the information will be mentioned regarding customer satisfaction and growth of travel agencies (Brinkmann 2014). Researchers also pay attention and have a look over the previous papers by previous researchers. Secondary data have mostly higher authority as well as quick access. Descriptive statistics Descriptive statistics means data analysis describing patterns that emerges data in the most appropriate way. It mainly allows researchers in analyzing the study and reaching to conclusions in relation with hypothesis. Correlation analysis Correlation aims at analyzing positive or negative relationship among the given variables. Independent variables in this research are perceived value, word of mouth communication as well as brand image and customer satisfaction. Correlation analysis uses variables having positive and negative relationships. In case of qualitative analysis, it will be analyzed with the help of content analysis. Regression analysis Regression analysis is use with the help of software. In this particular research SPSS software is used for conducting the present study analysis. Summary This particular chapter summarizes the research methodology used by the researcher at the time of conducting particular research work. It explains the various research philosophies, approaches as well as design for conducting the particular research. Researchers use both primary as well as secondary data for conducting the present research. The particular research paper can be used as secondary form of data sources as far as future research is concerned. Future research can be done whereby travel agencies can incorporate strategies for further development as well as increase in the sale of products. There can be even exploring over new areas for research as well as way of promotions for detailed analysis Researchers should try hard in carrying out the research work in ethical ways. Conduction of research should be carried out truthfully as well as correct data usage for completing the research. Primary as well as secondary data should be collected at the time of conducting this resea rch (Archer et al. 2015). Research work might be cancelled if researchers fail to use ethical methods for carrying out the research work. Future researchers should carry out different research based upon similar topics. Future researchers have chance in taking into considerations customers who majorly opts for budgeted tour plans (Anfara and Mertz 2014). It is important to understand regarding customer satisfaction among customers who have limited budget for any kind of tour plans. Researchers should use innovative ways of increasing number of customer for the business enterprise. Researcher has taken one travel agency as well as carried out the research work for investigating the theme of customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is essential to gather various perspectives from the customer who avails packages from other related travel agencies for getting better idea of theme of customer satisfaction and travel agencies in Hong Kong (Silverman 2016). In case of secondary research, rese archers should not use any unethical means for retrieving the data especially from online sites. Most of the researchers upload their research work on online sites. Researchers sometimes do not want their work in case of public usages as well as have blocked access on those specific papers by other user. Online sites asks user for paying certain amount of money for getting access to the sites or papers (Anfara and Mertz 2014). Researchers pays desired amount and then make use of authentic websites for gathering data. Many sites have interview with managers of the company who gave their personal view over subjective matter. Researchers can make use of some valid points as mentioned in the interviews for research purpose as well as should not used for any kind of unethical purposes. In case of primary research, researchers take proper care that the research participants should not face any kind of problem at answering the questions. Researchers are advisable to take care of environment as well as place of the interview. Researcher should make arrangement for conducting constant medical monitoring at the interview place for any kind of medical help. Researchers should take prior consent of the participants of whether they show interest in taking part in the research work. Research participant need to sign and provide their consent for taking part in the research work. Researchers carry out the work after the participants duly sign the form. Research purpose as well as publication place are clearly mentioned to the research participants (Anfara and Mertz 2014). It is important for the researcher to assure the participants that their feedback will not be used for any kind of unethical purpose. Participants even have choice to leave the projects at any time if they are not comfortable with the interview process. Therefore, it can be seen that the researcher carries out primary as well as secondary research in ethical ways. Steps taken by the researcher will help in preventing any kind of issues at later stage of research work (Walter and Andersen 2013). Reference List Anfara Jr, V.A. and Mertz, N.T. eds., 2014. Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. Sage publications. Archer, M., Sharp, R., Stones, R. and Woodiwiss, T., 2015. Critical realism and research methodology. Alethia. Billig, S.H. and Waterman, A.S. eds., 2014. Studying service-learning: Innovations in education research methodology. Routledge. Blumberg, B.F., Cooper, D.R. and Schindler, P.S., 2014. Business research methods. McGraw-hill education. Bolger, N. and Laurenceau, J.P., 2013. Intensive longitudinal methods: An introduction to diary and experience sampling research (Methodology in the social sciences). Brinkmann, S., 2014. Interview (pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2014. Research Methodology: Business and Management Contexts. Clark, V.L.P. and Creswell, J.W., 2014. Understanding research: A consumer's guide. Pearson Higher Ed. Flick, U., 2015. Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Gast, D.L. and Ledford, J.R., 2014. Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge. Gast, D.L. and Ledford, J.R., 2014. Single case research methodology. Green, J.L., Camilli, G. and Elmore, P.B., 2012. Handbook of complementary methods in education research. Routledge. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Matthews, B. and Ross, L., 2014. Research methods. Pearson Higher Ed. Miller, T., Birch, M., Mauthner, M. and Jessop, J. eds., 2012. Ethics in qualitative research. Sage. Neuman, W.L. and Robson, K., 2012. Basics of social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Panneerselvam, R., 2014. Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Pickard, A., 2012. Research methods in information. Facet publishing. Reynolds, D., Creemers, B., Nesselrodt, P.S., Shaffer, E.C., Stringfield, S. and Teddlie, C. eds., 2014. Advances in school effectiveness research and practice. Elsevier. Silverman, D. ed., 2016. Qualitative research. Sage. Skinner, D., 2015. Qualitative methodology: an introduction. Smith, J.A. ed., 2015. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015. Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Walter, M. and Andersen, C., 2013. Indigenous statistics: A quantitative research methodology. Left Coast Press.